Introduction
Corruption remains a pervasive challenge across many African nations, hindering socio-economic development and exacerbating inequality. Defined as the abuse of entrusted power for private gain, corruption manifests in various forms, including bribery, embezzlement, and nepotism (Transparency International, 2023). In the context of Development Studies, understanding the causes and effects of corruption is crucial, as it directly impacts governance, economic progress, and social cohesion. This essay explores the multifaceted causes of corruption in Africa, such as weak institutional frameworks, historical legacies, and socio-economic factors, before examining its profound effects on economic growth, public trust, and international relations. By drawing on academic literature and authoritative reports, the essay aims to provide a sound analysis of this complex issue, highlighting its significance for development practitioners and policymakers.
Causes of Corruption in Africa
Weak Institutional Frameworks
One of the primary causes of corruption in many African countries is the presence of weak institutional frameworks. Governance structures across the continent often lack the accountability mechanisms needed to prevent the misuse of power. For instance, in numerous states, the judiciary and law enforcement agencies are underfunded or subject to political interference, rendering them ineffective in curbing corrupt practices (Adebayo, 2018). Furthermore, bureaucratic
